Life of the Author: Nathaniel Hawthorne

Acknowledgments ix

List of Illustrations xi

Introduction 1

1 Under the Spell of Hawthorne 6

2 The Formative Years (1804-1825) 14

3 Fanshawe: A Tale (1828) 25

4 The Dark Years (1825-1837) 35

5 A Voice Refined (1837-1842) 51

6 The Middle Years (1842-1849) 63

7 Nathaniel and Sophia (1837-1860) 80

8 The Scarlet Letter (1850) 91

9 Hawthorne and Melville (1850-1860) 106

10 The House of the Seven Gables (1851) 118

11 The Blithedale Romance (1852) 131

12 The Marble Faun (1853-1860) 144

13 The Final Years (1860-1864) 163

Conclusion 183

References 189

Index 197

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Nathaniel Hawthorne; Nathaniel Hawthorne biography; Nathaniel Hawthorne life; Nathaniel Hawthorne works; Nathaniel Hawthorne family relations; teaching Hawthorne; reading Hawthorne; Hawthorne scholarship; Hawthorne writing; Hawthorne works