Mastering AutoCAD 2019 and AutoCAD LT 2019
-15%
portes grátis
Mastering AutoCAD 2019 and AutoCAD LT 2019
;
John Wiley & Sons Inc
08/2018
1088
Mole
Inglês
9781119495000
15 a 20 dias
Descrição não disponível.
Contents Introduction xxix Part 1 The Basics 1 Chapter 1 Exploring the Interface 3 Taking a Guided Tour 3 Launching AutoCAD 4 The AutoCAD Window 5 Using the Application Menu 7 Using the Ribbon 8 Picking Points in the Drawing Area 14 Using the UCS Icon 14 Working in the Command Window 15 Working with AutoCAD 15 Opening an Existing File 16 Getting a Closer Look 17 Saving a File as You Work 21 Making Changes 21 Working with Multiple Files 22 Adding a Predrawn Symbol with the Tool Palettes 25 The Bottom Line 28 Chapter 2 Creating Your First Drawing 29 Getting to Know the Home Tab's Draw and Modify Panels 29 Starting Your First Drawing 32 Specifying Exact Distances with Coordinates 36 Specifying Polar Coordinates 38 Specifying Relative Cartesian Coordinates 39 Interpreting the Cursor Modes and Understanding Prompts 41 Understanding Cursor Modes 41 Choosing Command Options 43 Selecting Objects 48 Selecting Objects in AutoCAD 48 Providing Base Points 51 Using Noun/Verb Selection 54 Editing with Grips 60 Stretching Lines by Using Grips 60 Moving and Rotating with Grips 63 Understanding Dynamic Input 65 Displaying Data in a Text Window 70 Displaying the Properties of an Object 71 Getting Help 74 Using the Info Center 74 Finding Additional Sources of Help 74 The Bottom Line 75 Chapter 3 Setting Up and Using the Drafting Tools 77 Setting Up a Work Area 77 Specifying Units 78 Fine-Tuning the Measurement System 80 Setting up the Drawing Limits 81 Looking at an Alternative to Limits 83 Understanding Scale Factors 83 Using Polar Tracking 85 Setting the Polar Tracking Angle 86 Exploring the Drawing Process 88 Locating an Object in Reference to Others 88 Getting a Closer Look 89 Modifying an Object 89 Planning and Laying Out a Drawing 94 Making a Preliminary Sketch 95 Using the Layout 96 Erasing the Layout Lines 102 Putting on the Finishing Touches 105 Aligning Objects by Using Object Snap Tracking 106 Using the AutoCAD Modes as Drafting Tools 110 Using Grid Mode as a Background Grid 111 Using Snap Modes 113 The Bottom Line 114 Chapter 4 Organizing Objects with Blocks and Groups 115 Creating and Using a Symbol 115 Understanding the Block Definition Dialog Box 118 Inserting a Symbol 120 Scaling and Rotating Blocks 122 Using an Existing Drawing as a Symbol 124 Modifying a Block 127 Unblocking and Redefining a Block 127 Saving a Block as a Drawing File 129 Replacing Existing Files with Blocks 130 Understanding the Write Block Dialog Box Options 131 Other Uses for Blocks 131 Understanding the Annotation Scale 132 Grouping Objects 135 Modifying Members of a Group 137 Ungrouping, Adding, and Subtracting from a Group 140 Working with the Object Grouping Dialog Box 141 Working with the AutoCAD LT Group Manager 143 The Bottom Line 144 Chapter 5 Keeping Track of Layers and Blocks 147 Organizing Information with Layers 147 Creating and Assigning Layers 148 Working on Layers 155 Controlling Layer Visibility 158 Finding the Layers You Want 160 Taming an Unwieldy List of Layers 161 Assigning Line types to Layers 169 Adding a Line type to a Drawing 170 Controlling Line weights 174 Keeping Track of Blocks and Layers 174 Getting a Text File List of Layers or Blocks 175 The Bottom Line 177 Part 2 Mastering Intermediate Skills 179 Chapter 6 Editing and Reusing Data to Work Efficiently 181 Creating and Using Templates 182 Creating a Template 182 Using a Template 183 Copying an Object Multiple Times 184 Making Circular Copies 184 Making Row and Column Copies 186 Fine-Tuning Your View 188 Finishing the Kitchenette 190 Array Along a Path 191 Making Changes to an Associative Array 192 Developing Your Drawing 196 Importing Settings 196 Using Osnap Tracking to Place Objects 199 Finding an Exact Distance Along a Curve 216 Changing the Length of Objects 218 Creating a New Drawing by Using Parts from Another Drawing 219 Eliminating Unused Blocks, Layers, Line types, Shapes, Styles, and More 220 The Bottom Line 222 Chapter 7 Mastering Viewing Tools, Hatches, and External References 223 Assembling the Parts 223 Taking Control of the AutoCAD Display 227 Understanding Regeneration and Redrawing 227 Saving Views 228 Understanding the Frozen Layer Option 231 Using Hatch Patterns in Your Drawings 233 Placing a Hatch Pattern in a Specific Area 233 Adding Predefined Hatch Patterns 235 Positioning Hatch Patterns Accurately 237 Updating a Block from an External File 238 Changing the Hatch Area 240 Modifying a Hatch Pattern 241 Understanding the Boundary Hatch Options 243 Controlling Boundaries with the Boundaries Panel 243 Fine-Tuning the Boundary Behavior 244 Controlling Hatch Behavior with the Options Panel 244 Controlling Hatch Default Layer, Layout Scale, and ISO Line Weight 246 Using Additional Hatch Features 246 Using Gradient Shading 247 Tips for Using Hatch 249 Space Planning and Hatch Patterns 249 Using External References 253 Attaching a Drawing as an External Reference 253 Other Differences Between External References and Blocks 257 Other External Reference Options 258 Clipping Xref Views and Improving Performance 260 Editing Xrefs in Place 263 Using the External Reference Tab 265 Adding and Removing Objects from Blocks and Xrefs 266 Understanding the Reference Edit Dialog Box Options 268 The Bottom Line 269 Chapter 8 Introducing Printing, Plotting, and Layouts 271 Plotting the Plan 271 Understanding the Plotter Settings 275 Paper Size 275 Drawing Orientation 276 Plot Area 276 Plot Scale 277 Shaded Viewport Options 280 Plot Offset 282 Plot Options 282 Exit Options 283 Plotting Using Layout Views 284 Setting Plot Scale in the Layout Viewports 286 Adding an Output Device 288 Editing a Plotter Configuration 290 Storing a Page Setup 292 Using Electronic Plots 296 Exporting to PDF Through the Plot Dialog Box 297 Exporting to PDF Through the Export To DWF/PDF Ribbon Panel 298 Exporting Autodesk DWF and DWFx Files 298 The Bottom Line 300 Chapter 9 Adding Text to Drawings 301 Preparing a Drawing for Text 301 Organizing Text by Styles 302 Getting Familiar with the Text and Annotation Scale Control Panels 304 Setting the Annotation Scale and Adding Text 305 Inserting Text 305 Exploring Text and Scale 307 Understanding the Text Style Dialog Box Options 309 Styles 309 Set Current/New/Delete 309 Font 310 Size 310 Effects 310 Exploring Text Formatting in AutoCAD 311 Adjusting the Text Height and Font 311 Understanding the Text Editor Tab 313 Adding Symbols and Special Characters 315 Setting Indents and Tabs 318 What Do the Fonts Look Like? 321 Adding Simple Single-Line Text Objects 323 Justifying Single-Line Text Objects 325 Using Special Characters with Single-Line Text Objects 327 Using the Check Spelling Feature 329 How Check Spelling Works 329 Choosing a Dictionary 330 Substituting Fonts 331 Finding and Replacing Text 332 The Bottom Line 337 Chapter 10 Using Fields and Tables 339 Using Fields to Associate Text with Drawing Properties 339 Adding Tables to Your Drawing 343 Creating a Table 343 Adding Cell Text 345 Adjusting Table Text Orientation and Location 346 Editing the Table Line Work 349 Adding Formulas to Cells 352 Using Formulas Directly in Cells 352 Using Other Math Operations 353 Importing and Exporting Tables 354 Importing a Table 354 Exporting Tables 356 Creating Table Styles 356 Adding or Modifying a Table Style 356 The Table Style Options 358 The Bottom Line 359 Chapter 11 Using Dimensions 361 Understanding the Components of a Dimension 361 Creating a Dimension Style 362 Setting Up the Primary Unit Style 364 Setting the Height for Dimension Text 366 Setting the Location and Orientation of Dimension Text 367 Choosing an Arrow Style and Setting the Dimension Scale 368 Setting Up Alternate Units 372 Setting the Current Dimension Style 373 Modifying a Dimension Style 374 Drawing Linear Dimensions 374 Understanding the Dimensions Panel 374 Placing Horizontal and Vertical Dimensions 375 Continuing a Dimension 376 Drawing Dimensions from a Common Base Extension Line 378 Adjusting the Distance Between Dimensions 380 Editing Dimensions 381 Appending Data to Dimension Text 381 Using Grips to Make Minor Adjustments to Dimensions 383 Changing Style Settings of Individual Dimensions 385 Editing Dimensions and Other Objects Together 386 Associating Dimensions with Objects 389 Adding a String of Dimensions with a Single Operation 390 Adding or Removing the Alternate Dimensions 390 Dimensioning Nonorthogonal Objects 392 Dimensioning Nonorthogonal Linear Distances 392 Dimensioning Radii, Diameters, and Arcs 393 Skewing Dimension Lines 398 Using the Dimension Tool 398 Adding a Note with a Leader Arrow 402 Creating Multileader Styles 404 Editing Multileader Notes 406 Breaking a Dimension Line for a Leader 406 Applying Ordinate Dimensions 407 Adding Tolerance Notation 408 Inserting Tolerance and Datum Values 408 Adding Inspection Dimensions 409 The Bottom Line 411 Part 3 Mastering Advanced Skills 413 Chapter 12 Using Attributes 415 Creating Attributes 416 Adding Attributes to Blocks 416 Copying and Editing Attribute Definitions 419 Turning the Attribute Definitions into a Block 421 Inserting Blocks Containing Attributes 422 Editing Attributes 426 Editing Attribute Values One at a Time 426 Editing Attribute Text Formats and Properties 427 Making Global Changes to Attribute Values 428 Making Invisible Attributes Visible 430 Making Global Format and Property Changes to Attributes 431 Other Block Attribute Manager Options 432 Redefining Blocks Containing Attributes 433 Extracting and Exporting Attribute Information 434 Performing the Extraction 434 Extracting Attribute Data to an AutoCAD Table 439 The Bottom Line 441 Chapter 13 Copying Existing Drawings from Other Sources 443 Methods for Converting Paper Drawings to AutoCAD Files 443 Importing a Raster Image 444 Working with a Raster Image 446 Scaling a Raster Image 448 Controlling Object Visibility and Overlap with Raster Images 448 Adjusting Brightness, Contrast, and Fade 450 Clipping a Raster Image 452 Turning Off the Frame, Adjusting Overall Quality, and Controlling Transparency 454 Working with PDF Files 456 Importing a PDF 456 Scaling and Osnaps with PDFs 458 Controlling the PDF Display 459 Importing a PDF as an AutoCAD Drawing 461 Reconstructing Imported AutoCAD SHX Fonts 463 Coordinating Geographic Locations 464 Making Adjustments to the Map 467 Finding Measurements and Distances 469 The Bottom Line 470 Chapter 14 Advanced Editing and Organizing 471 Using External References 471 Preparing Existing Drawings for External Referencing 472 Assembling Xrefs to Build a Drawing 474 Updating Blocks in Xrefs 478 Importing Named Elements from Xrefs 479 Controlling the Xref Search Path 483 Managing Layers 484 Saving and Recalling Layer Settings 484 Other Tools for Managing Layers 487 Using Advanced Tools: Filter and Quick Select 490 Filtering Selections 490 Using Quick Select 494 Using the QuickCalc Calculator 497 Adding Foot and Inch Lengths and Finding the Sum of Angles 498 Converting Units with QuickCalc 501 Using QuickCalc to Find Points 502 Finding Fractional Distances Between Two Points 505 Using QuickCalc While in the Middle of a Command 507 Storing Expressions and Values 509 Guidelines for Working with QuickCalc 511 The Bottom Line 513 Chapter 15 Laying Out Your Printer Output 515 Understanding Model Space and Paper Space 515 Switching from Model Space to Paper Space 516 Setting the Size of a Paper Space Layout 518 Creating New Paper Space Viewports 519 Creating a Viewport from a Saved View 521 Reaching Inside Viewports 522 Working with Paper Space Viewports 523 Scaling Views in Paper Space 525 Setting Layers in Individual Viewports 527 Creating and Using Multiple Paper Space Layouts 531 Creating Odd-Shaped Viewports 532 Understanding Lineweights, Linetypes, and Dimensions in Paper Space 535 Controlling and Viewing Lineweights in Paper Space 535 The Lineweight Settings Dialog Box 537 Linetype Scales and Paper Space 538 Dimensioning in Paper Space Layouts 538 Other Uses for Paper Space 541 The Bottom Line 542 Chapter 16 Making "Smart" Drawings with Parametric Tools 543 Why Use Parametric Drawing Tools? 543 Connecting Objects with Geometric Constraints 545 Using AutoConstrain to Add Constraints Automatically 545 Editing a Drawing Containing Constraints 546 Using Other Geometric Constraints 549 Using Constraints in the Drawing Process 550 Controlling Sizes with Dimensional Constraints 551 Adding a Dimensional Constraint 551 Editing a Dimensional Constraint 553 Using Formulas to Control and Link Dimensions 555 Adding a Formula Parameter 556 Testing the Formula 557 Using Other Formulas 558 Editing the Constraint Options 559 Putting Constraints to Use 560 The Bottom Line 562 Chapter 17 Using Dynamic Blocks 565 Exploring the Block Editor 565 Opening the Block Editor 566 Editing a Block and Creating New Blocks 567 Creating a Dynamic Block 568 Adding a Parameter 569 Adding an Action 570 Adding an Increment Value 572 Editing Parameters and Actions 574 Keeping an Object Centered 574 Using Constraints in Dynamic Blocks 575 Adding a List of Predefined Options 580 Creating Multiple Shapes in One Block 584 Rotating Objects in Unison 589 Filling in a Space Automatically with Objects 592 Including Block Information with Data Extraction 594 The Bottom Line 596 Chapter 18 Drawing Curves 599 Introducing Polylines 599 Drawing a Polyline 599 Setting Polyline Options 601 Editing Polylines 602 Setting Pedit Options 606 Smoothing Polylines 606 Editing Vertices 608 Creating a Polyline Spline Curve 616 Using True Spline Curves 619 Drawing a True Spline 619 Understanding the Spline Options 621 Fine-Tuning Spline Curves 622 Marking Divisions on Curves 625 Dividing Objects into Segments of Equal Length 625 Dividing Objects into Specified Lengths 627 The Bottom Line 628 Chapter 19 Getting and Exchanging Data from Drawings 631 Finding the Area of Closed Boundaries 631 Finding the Area of an Object 632 Using Hatch Patterns to Find Areas 633 Adding and Subtracting Areas with the Area Command 635 Getting General Information 638 Determining the Drawing's Status 639 Keeping Track of Time 640 Getting Information from System Variables 641 Keeping a Log of Your Activity 642 Capturing and Saving Text Data from the AutoCAD Text Window 643 Understanding the Command Window Context Menu 643 Storing Searchable Information in AutoCAD Files 644 Searching for AutoCAD Files 646 Recovering Corrupted Files 646 Using the DXF File Format to Exchange CAD Data with Other Programs 647 Exporting DXF Files 647 Opening or Importing DXF Files 649 Using AutoCAD Drawings in Page Layout Programs 650 Exporting Raster Files 650 Exporting Vector Files 654 Using OLE to Import Data 656 Editing OLE Links 658 Importing Worksheets as AutoCAD Tables 659 Understanding Options for Embedding Data 661 Using the Clipboard to Export AutoCAD Drawings 662 The Bottom Line 662 Part 4 3D Modeling and Imaging 665 Chapter 20 Creating 3D Drawings 667 Getting to Know the 3D Modeling Workspace 667 Drawing in 3D Using Solids 669 Adjusting Appearances 670 Creating a 3D Box 671 Editing 3D Solids with Grips 672 Constraining Motion with the Gizmo 673 Rotating Objects in 3D Using Dynamic UCS 674 Drawing on a 3D Object's Surface 676 Pushing and Pulling Shapes from a Solid 678 Making Changes to Your Solid 680 Creating 3D Forms from 2D Shapes 683 Isolating Coordinates with Point Filters 687 Moving Around Your Model 690 Finding Isometric and Orthogonal Views 690 Rotating Freely Around Your Model 691 Changing Your View Direction 692 Using SteeringWheels 694 Changing Where You Are Looking 696 Flying Through Your View 697 Changing from Perspective to Parallel Projection 698 Getting a Visual Effect 698 Using Visual Styles 699 Creating a Sketched Look with Visual Styles 699 In-Canvas Viewport Controls 702 Turning a 3D View into a 2D AutoCAD Drawing 702 Using the Point Cloud Feature 705 The Bottom Line 706 Chapter 21 Using Advanced 3D Features 709 Setting Up AutoCAD for This Chapter 709 Mastering the User Coordinate System 710 Defining a UCS 711 Saving a UCS 713 Working in a UCS 714 Building 3D Parts in Separate Files 715 Understanding the UCS Options 718 UCS Based on Object Orientation 718 UCS Based on Offset Orientation 721 UCS Rotated Around an Axis 721 Orienting a UCS in the View Plane 723 Manipulating the UCS Icon 723 Saving a UCS with a View 725 Using Viewports to Aid in 3D Drawing 725 Using the Array Tools 729 Making Changes to an Associative Array 730 Creating Complex 3D Surfaces 731 Laying Out a 3D Form 731 Spherical and Cylindrical Coordinate Formats 732 Using a 3D Polyline 734 Creating a Curved 3D Surface 734 Converting the Surface into a Solid 739 Shaping the Solid 740 Finding the Interference Between Two Solids 741 Creating Tubes with the Sweep Tool 744 Using Sweep to Create Complex Forms 746 Creating Spiral Forms 749 Creating Surface Models 751 Slicing a Solid with a Surface 753 Finding the Volume of a Cut 754 Understanding the Loft Command 756 Moving Objects in 3D Space 760 Aligning Objects in 3D Space 760 Moving an Object in 3D 761 Rotating an Object in 3D 763 The Bottom Line 764 Chapter 22 Editing and Visualizing 3D Solids 765 Understanding Solid Modeling 765 Creating Solid Forms 768 Joining Primitives 768 Cutting Portions Out of a Solid 769 Creating Complex Solids 772 Tapering an Extrusion 772 Sweeping a Shape on a Curved Path 773 Revolving a Polyline 775 Editing Solids 777 Splitting a Solid into Two Pieces 777 Rounding Corners with the Fillet Tool 779 Chamfering Corners with the Chamfer Tool 780 Using the Solid-Editing Tools 781 Streamlining the 2D Drawing Process 790 Drawing Standard Top, Front, and Right-Side Views 791 Creating 2D Drawings with the Base View Command 794 Adding Dimensions and Notes in a Layout 798 Using Visual Styles with a Viewport 799 Visualizing Solids 800 The Bottom Line 811 Chapter 23 Exploring 3D Mesh and Surface Modeling 813 Creating a Simple 3D Mesh 813 Creating a Mesh Primitive 814 Understanding the Parts of a Mesh 815 Smoothing a Mesh 815 Editing Faces and Edges 817 Stretching Faces 819 Moving an Edge 821 Adding More Faces 824 Rotating an Edge 827 Adding a Crease 828 Splitting and Extruding a Mesh Face 830 Creating Mesh Surfaces 833 Revolved Surface 833 Edge Surface 835 Ruled Surface 836 Tabulated Surface 837 Converting Meshes to Solids 837 Understanding 3D Surfaces 838 Editing Surfaces 841 Using Extrude, Surface Trim, and Surface Fillet 842 Using Surface Blend, Patch, and Offset 845 Understanding Associativity 848 Editing with Control Vertices 852 Editing with the CV Edit Bar 855 Making Holes in a Surface with the Project Geometry Panel 857 Visualizing Curvature: Understanding the Analysis Panel 859 The Bottom Line 861 Part 5 Customization and Integration 863 Chapter 24 Customizing Toolbars, Menus, Linetypes, and Hatch Patterns 865 Using Workspaces 865 Customizing the User Interface 867 Taking a Quick Customization Tour 867 Understanding the Customizations In All Files Panel 871 Getting the Overall View 874 Finding Commands in the Command List 875 Opening Preview, Button Image, and Shortcuts 875 Getting to the Core of Customization in the Properties Group 876 Creating Your Own Ribbon Panels and Menus 877 Customizing Ribbon Panel Tools 878 Creating Macros in Tools and Menus 881 Pausing for User Input 883 Opening an Expanded Text Box for the Macro Option 883 Editing Keyboard Shortcuts 884 Saving, Loading, and Unloading Your Customizations 887 Understanding the DIESEL Macro Language 889 Using DIESEL at the Command Line 889 Using DIESEL in a Custom Menu Macro 891 Using DIESEL as a Menu Bar Option Label 892 Using DIESEL and Fields to Generate Text 893 Creating Custom Linetypes 896 Viewing Available Linetypes 896 Creating a New Linetype 897 Understanding the Linetype Code 898 Creating Complex Linetypes 899 Creating Hatch Patterns 901 The Bottom Line 903 Chapter 25 Managing and Sharing Your Drawings 905 Sharing Drawings Online 905 Sharing Project Files with eTransmit 906 Publishing Your Drawings 910 Exchanging Drawing Sets 910 Exploring Other Publish Options 912 Creating a PDF or DWF File by Using the Plot Dialog Box 914 Sharing Views for Commenting 916 Using the Shared Views Tool 917 Using the Autodesk Viewer Web Page 919 Adding Hyperlinks to Drawings 920 Creating Hyperlinks 921 Editing and Deleting Hyperlinks 922 Taking a Closer Look at the Hyperlink Options 923 Managing Your Drawings with DesignCenter and the Tool Palettes 924 Getting Familiar with DesignCenter 924 Opening and Inserting Files with DesignCenter 928 Finding and Extracting the Contents of a Drawing 929 Exchanging Data Between Open Files 933 Loading Specific Files into DesignCenter 934 Customizing the Tool Palettes with DesignCenter 934 Comparing Drawing Versions to Discover Changes 939 Using the Drawing Compare Tool 939 Looking at the Compare Tab Tools 940 Establishing Office Standards 940 Establishing Layering and Text Conventions 941 Checking Office Standards 942 Converting Multiple Layer Settings 946 Exploring Other Layer Translator Options 948 The Bottom Line 949 Appendices 951 Appendix A The Bottom Line 951 Chapter 1: Exploring the Interface 951 Chapter 2: Creating Your First Drawing 952 Chapter 3: Setting Up and Using the Drafting Tools 953 Chapter 4: Organizing Objects with Blocks and Groups 954 Chapter 5: Keeping Track of Layers and Blocks 955 Chapter 6: Editing and Reusing Data to Work Efficiently 955 Chapter 7: Mastering Viewing Tools, Hatches, and External References 956 Chapter 8: Introducing Printing, Plotting, and Layouts 957 Chapter 9: Adding Text to Drawings 958 Chapter 10: Using Fields and Tables 959 Chapter 11: Using Dimensions 960 Chapter 12: Using Attributes 961 Chapter 13: Copying Existing Drawings from Other Sources 962 Chapter 14: Advanced Editing and Organizing 963 Chapter 15: Laying Out Your Printer Output 963 Chapter 16: Making "Smart" Drawings with Parametric Tools 964 Chapter 17: Using Dynamic Blocks 965 Chapter 18: Drawing Curves 966 Chapter 19: Getting and Exchanging Data from Drawings 968 Chapter 20: Creating 3D Drawings 969 Chapter 21: Using Advanced 3D Features 970 Chapter 22: Editing and Visualizing 3D Solids 971 Chapter 23: Exploring 3D Mesh and Surface Modeling 972 Chapter 24: Customizing Toolbars, Menus, Linetypes, and Hatch Patterns 973 Chapter 25: Managing and Sharing Your Drawings 975 Appendix B Installing and Setting Up AutoCAD 977 Before Installing AutoCAD 977 Proceeding with the Installation 977 Configuring AutoCAD 978 The Files Tab 978 The Display Tab 981 The Open And Save Tab 983 The Plot and Publish Tab 986 The System Tab 986 The User Preferences Tab 987 The Drafting Tab 989 The 3D Modeling Tab 991 The Selection Tab 992 The Profiles Tab 994 Turning On the Noun/Verb Selection Method 995 Turning on the Grips Feature 995 Setting Up the Tracking Vector Feature 996 Adjusting the AutoCAD 3D Graphics System 996 Finding Folders That Contain AutoCAD Files 996 Setting Up AutoCAD with a White Background 997 Appendix C The Autodesk AutoCAD 2019 Certification 999 Index
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Contents Introduction xxix Part 1 The Basics 1 Chapter 1 Exploring the Interface 3 Taking a Guided Tour 3 Launching AutoCAD 4 The AutoCAD Window 5 Using the Application Menu 7 Using the Ribbon 8 Picking Points in the Drawing Area 14 Using the UCS Icon 14 Working in the Command Window 15 Working with AutoCAD 15 Opening an Existing File 16 Getting a Closer Look 17 Saving a File as You Work 21 Making Changes 21 Working with Multiple Files 22 Adding a Predrawn Symbol with the Tool Palettes 25 The Bottom Line 28 Chapter 2 Creating Your First Drawing 29 Getting to Know the Home Tab's Draw and Modify Panels 29 Starting Your First Drawing 32 Specifying Exact Distances with Coordinates 36 Specifying Polar Coordinates 38 Specifying Relative Cartesian Coordinates 39 Interpreting the Cursor Modes and Understanding Prompts 41 Understanding Cursor Modes 41 Choosing Command Options 43 Selecting Objects 48 Selecting Objects in AutoCAD 48 Providing Base Points 51 Using Noun/Verb Selection 54 Editing with Grips 60 Stretching Lines by Using Grips 60 Moving and Rotating with Grips 63 Understanding Dynamic Input 65 Displaying Data in a Text Window 70 Displaying the Properties of an Object 71 Getting Help 74 Using the Info Center 74 Finding Additional Sources of Help 74 The Bottom Line 75 Chapter 3 Setting Up and Using the Drafting Tools 77 Setting Up a Work Area 77 Specifying Units 78 Fine-Tuning the Measurement System 80 Setting up the Drawing Limits 81 Looking at an Alternative to Limits 83 Understanding Scale Factors 83 Using Polar Tracking 85 Setting the Polar Tracking Angle 86 Exploring the Drawing Process 88 Locating an Object in Reference to Others 88 Getting a Closer Look 89 Modifying an Object 89 Planning and Laying Out a Drawing 94 Making a Preliminary Sketch 95 Using the Layout 96 Erasing the Layout Lines 102 Putting on the Finishing Touches 105 Aligning Objects by Using Object Snap Tracking 106 Using the AutoCAD Modes as Drafting Tools 110 Using Grid Mode as a Background Grid 111 Using Snap Modes 113 The Bottom Line 114 Chapter 4 Organizing Objects with Blocks and Groups 115 Creating and Using a Symbol 115 Understanding the Block Definition Dialog Box 118 Inserting a Symbol 120 Scaling and Rotating Blocks 122 Using an Existing Drawing as a Symbol 124 Modifying a Block 127 Unblocking and Redefining a Block 127 Saving a Block as a Drawing File 129 Replacing Existing Files with Blocks 130 Understanding the Write Block Dialog Box Options 131 Other Uses for Blocks 131 Understanding the Annotation Scale 132 Grouping Objects 135 Modifying Members of a Group 137 Ungrouping, Adding, and Subtracting from a Group 140 Working with the Object Grouping Dialog Box 141 Working with the AutoCAD LT Group Manager 143 The Bottom Line 144 Chapter 5 Keeping Track of Layers and Blocks 147 Organizing Information with Layers 147 Creating and Assigning Layers 148 Working on Layers 155 Controlling Layer Visibility 158 Finding the Layers You Want 160 Taming an Unwieldy List of Layers 161 Assigning Line types to Layers 169 Adding a Line type to a Drawing 170 Controlling Line weights 174 Keeping Track of Blocks and Layers 174 Getting a Text File List of Layers or Blocks 175 The Bottom Line 177 Part 2 Mastering Intermediate Skills 179 Chapter 6 Editing and Reusing Data to Work Efficiently 181 Creating and Using Templates 182 Creating a Template 182 Using a Template 183 Copying an Object Multiple Times 184 Making Circular Copies 184 Making Row and Column Copies 186 Fine-Tuning Your View 188 Finishing the Kitchenette 190 Array Along a Path 191 Making Changes to an Associative Array 192 Developing Your Drawing 196 Importing Settings 196 Using Osnap Tracking to Place Objects 199 Finding an Exact Distance Along a Curve 216 Changing the Length of Objects 218 Creating a New Drawing by Using Parts from Another Drawing 219 Eliminating Unused Blocks, Layers, Line types, Shapes, Styles, and More 220 The Bottom Line 222 Chapter 7 Mastering Viewing Tools, Hatches, and External References 223 Assembling the Parts 223 Taking Control of the AutoCAD Display 227 Understanding Regeneration and Redrawing 227 Saving Views 228 Understanding the Frozen Layer Option 231 Using Hatch Patterns in Your Drawings 233 Placing a Hatch Pattern in a Specific Area 233 Adding Predefined Hatch Patterns 235 Positioning Hatch Patterns Accurately 237 Updating a Block from an External File 238 Changing the Hatch Area 240 Modifying a Hatch Pattern 241 Understanding the Boundary Hatch Options 243 Controlling Boundaries with the Boundaries Panel 243 Fine-Tuning the Boundary Behavior 244 Controlling Hatch Behavior with the Options Panel 244 Controlling Hatch Default Layer, Layout Scale, and ISO Line Weight 246 Using Additional Hatch Features 246 Using Gradient Shading 247 Tips for Using Hatch 249 Space Planning and Hatch Patterns 249 Using External References 253 Attaching a Drawing as an External Reference 253 Other Differences Between External References and Blocks 257 Other External Reference Options 258 Clipping Xref Views and Improving Performance 260 Editing Xrefs in Place 263 Using the External Reference Tab 265 Adding and Removing Objects from Blocks and Xrefs 266 Understanding the Reference Edit Dialog Box Options 268 The Bottom Line 269 Chapter 8 Introducing Printing, Plotting, and Layouts 271 Plotting the Plan 271 Understanding the Plotter Settings 275 Paper Size 275 Drawing Orientation 276 Plot Area 276 Plot Scale 277 Shaded Viewport Options 280 Plot Offset 282 Plot Options 282 Exit Options 283 Plotting Using Layout Views 284 Setting Plot Scale in the Layout Viewports 286 Adding an Output Device 288 Editing a Plotter Configuration 290 Storing a Page Setup 292 Using Electronic Plots 296 Exporting to PDF Through the Plot Dialog Box 297 Exporting to PDF Through the Export To DWF/PDF Ribbon Panel 298 Exporting Autodesk DWF and DWFx Files 298 The Bottom Line 300 Chapter 9 Adding Text to Drawings 301 Preparing a Drawing for Text 301 Organizing Text by Styles 302 Getting Familiar with the Text and Annotation Scale Control Panels 304 Setting the Annotation Scale and Adding Text 305 Inserting Text 305 Exploring Text and Scale 307 Understanding the Text Style Dialog Box Options 309 Styles 309 Set Current/New/Delete 309 Font 310 Size 310 Effects 310 Exploring Text Formatting in AutoCAD 311 Adjusting the Text Height and Font 311 Understanding the Text Editor Tab 313 Adding Symbols and Special Characters 315 Setting Indents and Tabs 318 What Do the Fonts Look Like? 321 Adding Simple Single-Line Text Objects 323 Justifying Single-Line Text Objects 325 Using Special Characters with Single-Line Text Objects 327 Using the Check Spelling Feature 329 How Check Spelling Works 329 Choosing a Dictionary 330 Substituting Fonts 331 Finding and Replacing Text 332 The Bottom Line 337 Chapter 10 Using Fields and Tables 339 Using Fields to Associate Text with Drawing Properties 339 Adding Tables to Your Drawing 343 Creating a Table 343 Adding Cell Text 345 Adjusting Table Text Orientation and Location 346 Editing the Table Line Work 349 Adding Formulas to Cells 352 Using Formulas Directly in Cells 352 Using Other Math Operations 353 Importing and Exporting Tables 354 Importing a Table 354 Exporting Tables 356 Creating Table Styles 356 Adding or Modifying a Table Style 356 The Table Style Options 358 The Bottom Line 359 Chapter 11 Using Dimensions 361 Understanding the Components of a Dimension 361 Creating a Dimension Style 362 Setting Up the Primary Unit Style 364 Setting the Height for Dimension Text 366 Setting the Location and Orientation of Dimension Text 367 Choosing an Arrow Style and Setting the Dimension Scale 368 Setting Up Alternate Units 372 Setting the Current Dimension Style 373 Modifying a Dimension Style 374 Drawing Linear Dimensions 374 Understanding the Dimensions Panel 374 Placing Horizontal and Vertical Dimensions 375 Continuing a Dimension 376 Drawing Dimensions from a Common Base Extension Line 378 Adjusting the Distance Between Dimensions 380 Editing Dimensions 381 Appending Data to Dimension Text 381 Using Grips to Make Minor Adjustments to Dimensions 383 Changing Style Settings of Individual Dimensions 385 Editing Dimensions and Other Objects Together 386 Associating Dimensions with Objects 389 Adding a String of Dimensions with a Single Operation 390 Adding or Removing the Alternate Dimensions 390 Dimensioning Nonorthogonal Objects 392 Dimensioning Nonorthogonal Linear Distances 392 Dimensioning Radii, Diameters, and Arcs 393 Skewing Dimension Lines 398 Using the Dimension Tool 398 Adding a Note with a Leader Arrow 402 Creating Multileader Styles 404 Editing Multileader Notes 406 Breaking a Dimension Line for a Leader 406 Applying Ordinate Dimensions 407 Adding Tolerance Notation 408 Inserting Tolerance and Datum Values 408 Adding Inspection Dimensions 409 The Bottom Line 411 Part 3 Mastering Advanced Skills 413 Chapter 12 Using Attributes 415 Creating Attributes 416 Adding Attributes to Blocks 416 Copying and Editing Attribute Definitions 419 Turning the Attribute Definitions into a Block 421 Inserting Blocks Containing Attributes 422 Editing Attributes 426 Editing Attribute Values One at a Time 426 Editing Attribute Text Formats and Properties 427 Making Global Changes to Attribute Values 428 Making Invisible Attributes Visible 430 Making Global Format and Property Changes to Attributes 431 Other Block Attribute Manager Options 432 Redefining Blocks Containing Attributes 433 Extracting and Exporting Attribute Information 434 Performing the Extraction 434 Extracting Attribute Data to an AutoCAD Table 439 The Bottom Line 441 Chapter 13 Copying Existing Drawings from Other Sources 443 Methods for Converting Paper Drawings to AutoCAD Files 443 Importing a Raster Image 444 Working with a Raster Image 446 Scaling a Raster Image 448 Controlling Object Visibility and Overlap with Raster Images 448 Adjusting Brightness, Contrast, and Fade 450 Clipping a Raster Image 452 Turning Off the Frame, Adjusting Overall Quality, and Controlling Transparency 454 Working with PDF Files 456 Importing a PDF 456 Scaling and Osnaps with PDFs 458 Controlling the PDF Display 459 Importing a PDF as an AutoCAD Drawing 461 Reconstructing Imported AutoCAD SHX Fonts 463 Coordinating Geographic Locations 464 Making Adjustments to the Map 467 Finding Measurements and Distances 469 The Bottom Line 470 Chapter 14 Advanced Editing and Organizing 471 Using External References 471 Preparing Existing Drawings for External Referencing 472 Assembling Xrefs to Build a Drawing 474 Updating Blocks in Xrefs 478 Importing Named Elements from Xrefs 479 Controlling the Xref Search Path 483 Managing Layers 484 Saving and Recalling Layer Settings 484 Other Tools for Managing Layers 487 Using Advanced Tools: Filter and Quick Select 490 Filtering Selections 490 Using Quick Select 494 Using the QuickCalc Calculator 497 Adding Foot and Inch Lengths and Finding the Sum of Angles 498 Converting Units with QuickCalc 501 Using QuickCalc to Find Points 502 Finding Fractional Distances Between Two Points 505 Using QuickCalc While in the Middle of a Command 507 Storing Expressions and Values 509 Guidelines for Working with QuickCalc 511 The Bottom Line 513 Chapter 15 Laying Out Your Printer Output 515 Understanding Model Space and Paper Space 515 Switching from Model Space to Paper Space 516 Setting the Size of a Paper Space Layout 518 Creating New Paper Space Viewports 519 Creating a Viewport from a Saved View 521 Reaching Inside Viewports 522 Working with Paper Space Viewports 523 Scaling Views in Paper Space 525 Setting Layers in Individual Viewports 527 Creating and Using Multiple Paper Space Layouts 531 Creating Odd-Shaped Viewports 532 Understanding Lineweights, Linetypes, and Dimensions in Paper Space 535 Controlling and Viewing Lineweights in Paper Space 535 The Lineweight Settings Dialog Box 537 Linetype Scales and Paper Space 538 Dimensioning in Paper Space Layouts 538 Other Uses for Paper Space 541 The Bottom Line 542 Chapter 16 Making "Smart" Drawings with Parametric Tools 543 Why Use Parametric Drawing Tools? 543 Connecting Objects with Geometric Constraints 545 Using AutoConstrain to Add Constraints Automatically 545 Editing a Drawing Containing Constraints 546 Using Other Geometric Constraints 549 Using Constraints in the Drawing Process 550 Controlling Sizes with Dimensional Constraints 551 Adding a Dimensional Constraint 551 Editing a Dimensional Constraint 553 Using Formulas to Control and Link Dimensions 555 Adding a Formula Parameter 556 Testing the Formula 557 Using Other Formulas 558 Editing the Constraint Options 559 Putting Constraints to Use 560 The Bottom Line 562 Chapter 17 Using Dynamic Blocks 565 Exploring the Block Editor 565 Opening the Block Editor 566 Editing a Block and Creating New Blocks 567 Creating a Dynamic Block 568 Adding a Parameter 569 Adding an Action 570 Adding an Increment Value 572 Editing Parameters and Actions 574 Keeping an Object Centered 574 Using Constraints in Dynamic Blocks 575 Adding a List of Predefined Options 580 Creating Multiple Shapes in One Block 584 Rotating Objects in Unison 589 Filling in a Space Automatically with Objects 592 Including Block Information with Data Extraction 594 The Bottom Line 596 Chapter 18 Drawing Curves 599 Introducing Polylines 599 Drawing a Polyline 599 Setting Polyline Options 601 Editing Polylines 602 Setting Pedit Options 606 Smoothing Polylines 606 Editing Vertices 608 Creating a Polyline Spline Curve 616 Using True Spline Curves 619 Drawing a True Spline 619 Understanding the Spline Options 621 Fine-Tuning Spline Curves 622 Marking Divisions on Curves 625 Dividing Objects into Segments of Equal Length 625 Dividing Objects into Specified Lengths 627 The Bottom Line 628 Chapter 19 Getting and Exchanging Data from Drawings 631 Finding the Area of Closed Boundaries 631 Finding the Area of an Object 632 Using Hatch Patterns to Find Areas 633 Adding and Subtracting Areas with the Area Command 635 Getting General Information 638 Determining the Drawing's Status 639 Keeping Track of Time 640 Getting Information from System Variables 641 Keeping a Log of Your Activity 642 Capturing and Saving Text Data from the AutoCAD Text Window 643 Understanding the Command Window Context Menu 643 Storing Searchable Information in AutoCAD Files 644 Searching for AutoCAD Files 646 Recovering Corrupted Files 646 Using the DXF File Format to Exchange CAD Data with Other Programs 647 Exporting DXF Files 647 Opening or Importing DXF Files 649 Using AutoCAD Drawings in Page Layout Programs 650 Exporting Raster Files 650 Exporting Vector Files 654 Using OLE to Import Data 656 Editing OLE Links 658 Importing Worksheets as AutoCAD Tables 659 Understanding Options for Embedding Data 661 Using the Clipboard to Export AutoCAD Drawings 662 The Bottom Line 662 Part 4 3D Modeling and Imaging 665 Chapter 20 Creating 3D Drawings 667 Getting to Know the 3D Modeling Workspace 667 Drawing in 3D Using Solids 669 Adjusting Appearances 670 Creating a 3D Box 671 Editing 3D Solids with Grips 672 Constraining Motion with the Gizmo 673 Rotating Objects in 3D Using Dynamic UCS 674 Drawing on a 3D Object's Surface 676 Pushing and Pulling Shapes from a Solid 678 Making Changes to Your Solid 680 Creating 3D Forms from 2D Shapes 683 Isolating Coordinates with Point Filters 687 Moving Around Your Model 690 Finding Isometric and Orthogonal Views 690 Rotating Freely Around Your Model 691 Changing Your View Direction 692 Using SteeringWheels 694 Changing Where You Are Looking 696 Flying Through Your View 697 Changing from Perspective to Parallel Projection 698 Getting a Visual Effect 698 Using Visual Styles 699 Creating a Sketched Look with Visual Styles 699 In-Canvas Viewport Controls 702 Turning a 3D View into a 2D AutoCAD Drawing 702 Using the Point Cloud Feature 705 The Bottom Line 706 Chapter 21 Using Advanced 3D Features 709 Setting Up AutoCAD for This Chapter 709 Mastering the User Coordinate System 710 Defining a UCS 711 Saving a UCS 713 Working in a UCS 714 Building 3D Parts in Separate Files 715 Understanding the UCS Options 718 UCS Based on Object Orientation 718 UCS Based on Offset Orientation 721 UCS Rotated Around an Axis 721 Orienting a UCS in the View Plane 723 Manipulating the UCS Icon 723 Saving a UCS with a View 725 Using Viewports to Aid in 3D Drawing 725 Using the Array Tools 729 Making Changes to an Associative Array 730 Creating Complex 3D Surfaces 731 Laying Out a 3D Form 731 Spherical and Cylindrical Coordinate Formats 732 Using a 3D Polyline 734 Creating a Curved 3D Surface 734 Converting the Surface into a Solid 739 Shaping the Solid 740 Finding the Interference Between Two Solids 741 Creating Tubes with the Sweep Tool 744 Using Sweep to Create Complex Forms 746 Creating Spiral Forms 749 Creating Surface Models 751 Slicing a Solid with a Surface 753 Finding the Volume of a Cut 754 Understanding the Loft Command 756 Moving Objects in 3D Space 760 Aligning Objects in 3D Space 760 Moving an Object in 3D 761 Rotating an Object in 3D 763 The Bottom Line 764 Chapter 22 Editing and Visualizing 3D Solids 765 Understanding Solid Modeling 765 Creating Solid Forms 768 Joining Primitives 768 Cutting Portions Out of a Solid 769 Creating Complex Solids 772 Tapering an Extrusion 772 Sweeping a Shape on a Curved Path 773 Revolving a Polyline 775 Editing Solids 777 Splitting a Solid into Two Pieces 777 Rounding Corners with the Fillet Tool 779 Chamfering Corners with the Chamfer Tool 780 Using the Solid-Editing Tools 781 Streamlining the 2D Drawing Process 790 Drawing Standard Top, Front, and Right-Side Views 791 Creating 2D Drawings with the Base View Command 794 Adding Dimensions and Notes in a Layout 798 Using Visual Styles with a Viewport 799 Visualizing Solids 800 The Bottom Line 811 Chapter 23 Exploring 3D Mesh and Surface Modeling 813 Creating a Simple 3D Mesh 813 Creating a Mesh Primitive 814 Understanding the Parts of a Mesh 815 Smoothing a Mesh 815 Editing Faces and Edges 817 Stretching Faces 819 Moving an Edge 821 Adding More Faces 824 Rotating an Edge 827 Adding a Crease 828 Splitting and Extruding a Mesh Face 830 Creating Mesh Surfaces 833 Revolved Surface 833 Edge Surface 835 Ruled Surface 836 Tabulated Surface 837 Converting Meshes to Solids 837 Understanding 3D Surfaces 838 Editing Surfaces 841 Using Extrude, Surface Trim, and Surface Fillet 842 Using Surface Blend, Patch, and Offset 845 Understanding Associativity 848 Editing with Control Vertices 852 Editing with the CV Edit Bar 855 Making Holes in a Surface with the Project Geometry Panel 857 Visualizing Curvature: Understanding the Analysis Panel 859 The Bottom Line 861 Part 5 Customization and Integration 863 Chapter 24 Customizing Toolbars, Menus, Linetypes, and Hatch Patterns 865 Using Workspaces 865 Customizing the User Interface 867 Taking a Quick Customization Tour 867 Understanding the Customizations In All Files Panel 871 Getting the Overall View 874 Finding Commands in the Command List 875 Opening Preview, Button Image, and Shortcuts 875 Getting to the Core of Customization in the Properties Group 876 Creating Your Own Ribbon Panels and Menus 877 Customizing Ribbon Panel Tools 878 Creating Macros in Tools and Menus 881 Pausing for User Input 883 Opening an Expanded Text Box for the Macro Option 883 Editing Keyboard Shortcuts 884 Saving, Loading, and Unloading Your Customizations 887 Understanding the DIESEL Macro Language 889 Using DIESEL at the Command Line 889 Using DIESEL in a Custom Menu Macro 891 Using DIESEL as a Menu Bar Option Label 892 Using DIESEL and Fields to Generate Text 893 Creating Custom Linetypes 896 Viewing Available Linetypes 896 Creating a New Linetype 897 Understanding the Linetype Code 898 Creating Complex Linetypes 899 Creating Hatch Patterns 901 The Bottom Line 903 Chapter 25 Managing and Sharing Your Drawings 905 Sharing Drawings Online 905 Sharing Project Files with eTransmit 906 Publishing Your Drawings 910 Exchanging Drawing Sets 910 Exploring Other Publish Options 912 Creating a PDF or DWF File by Using the Plot Dialog Box 914 Sharing Views for Commenting 916 Using the Shared Views Tool 917 Using the Autodesk Viewer Web Page 919 Adding Hyperlinks to Drawings 920 Creating Hyperlinks 921 Editing and Deleting Hyperlinks 922 Taking a Closer Look at the Hyperlink Options 923 Managing Your Drawings with DesignCenter and the Tool Palettes 924 Getting Familiar with DesignCenter 924 Opening and Inserting Files with DesignCenter 928 Finding and Extracting the Contents of a Drawing 929 Exchanging Data Between Open Files 933 Loading Specific Files into DesignCenter 934 Customizing the Tool Palettes with DesignCenter 934 Comparing Drawing Versions to Discover Changes 939 Using the Drawing Compare Tool 939 Looking at the Compare Tab Tools 940 Establishing Office Standards 940 Establishing Layering and Text Conventions 941 Checking Office Standards 942 Converting Multiple Layer Settings 946 Exploring Other Layer Translator Options 948 The Bottom Line 949 Appendices 951 Appendix A The Bottom Line 951 Chapter 1: Exploring the Interface 951 Chapter 2: Creating Your First Drawing 952 Chapter 3: Setting Up and Using the Drafting Tools 953 Chapter 4: Organizing Objects with Blocks and Groups 954 Chapter 5: Keeping Track of Layers and Blocks 955 Chapter 6: Editing and Reusing Data to Work Efficiently 955 Chapter 7: Mastering Viewing Tools, Hatches, and External References 956 Chapter 8: Introducing Printing, Plotting, and Layouts 957 Chapter 9: Adding Text to Drawings 958 Chapter 10: Using Fields and Tables 959 Chapter 11: Using Dimensions 960 Chapter 12: Using Attributes 961 Chapter 13: Copying Existing Drawings from Other Sources 962 Chapter 14: Advanced Editing and Organizing 963 Chapter 15: Laying Out Your Printer Output 963 Chapter 16: Making "Smart" Drawings with Parametric Tools 964 Chapter 17: Using Dynamic Blocks 965 Chapter 18: Drawing Curves 966 Chapter 19: Getting and Exchanging Data from Drawings 968 Chapter 20: Creating 3D Drawings 969 Chapter 21: Using Advanced 3D Features 970 Chapter 22: Editing and Visualizing 3D Solids 971 Chapter 23: Exploring 3D Mesh and Surface Modeling 972 Chapter 24: Customizing Toolbars, Menus, Linetypes, and Hatch Patterns 973 Chapter 25: Managing and Sharing Your Drawings 975 Appendix B Installing and Setting Up AutoCAD 977 Before Installing AutoCAD 977 Proceeding with the Installation 977 Configuring AutoCAD 978 The Files Tab 978 The Display Tab 981 The Open And Save Tab 983 The Plot and Publish Tab 986 The System Tab 986 The User Preferences Tab 987 The Drafting Tab 989 The 3D Modeling Tab 991 The Selection Tab 992 The Profiles Tab 994 Turning On the Noun/Verb Selection Method 995 Turning on the Grips Feature 995 Setting Up the Tracking Vector Feature 996 Adjusting the AutoCAD 3D Graphics System 996 Finding Folders That Contain AutoCAD Files 996 Setting Up AutoCAD with a White Background 997 Appendix C The Autodesk AutoCAD 2019 Certification 999 Index
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